Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP): A Deadly Threat to Cats

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a devastating viral disease that affects cats worldwide. While it arises from a mutation of the common feline coronavirus (FeCV), FIP is a far more serious condition, often proving fatal. This guide aims to shed light on FIP, equipping cat owners with the knowledge to recognize its symptoms, understand its causes, and explore treatment options.

Understanding FIP

FIP is caused by a mutated form of the feline coronavirus (FeCV). While most cats infected with FeCV experience mild symptoms or none at all, in some cases, the virus mutates into the more dangerous FIP virus (FIPV). This triggers an overactive immune response, leading to widespread inflammation and organ damage.

Causes and Transmission

Feline coronavirus is highly contagious, primarily spread through contact with infected feces or saliva. Shared litter boxes and close contact between cats facilitate transmission. Stress, young age, and certain breeds (like Bengals, Birmans, and Himalayans) may increase susceptibility to FIP.

Recognizing the Symptoms of F.I.P

FIP manifests in two forms, each with distinct symptoms:

Diagnosis & Treatment

Diagnosing FIP is challenging, as its symptoms often mimic other diseases. Your vet will likely perform blood tests, examine fluid buildup if present, and may use imaging techniques like X-rays or ultrasounds.

While there's no cure for FIP, recent advancements have brought hope. New antiviral medications, like Remdesivir and GS-441524, have shown promising results in some cases, although access and legal availability may vary. Supportive care, including fluid therapy and anti-inflammatory medications, can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Prevention of FIP

Preventing FIP primarily involves minimizing exposure to feline coronavirus:

FAQs

How long can a cat live with FIP?

Survival times vary. With the effusive (wet) form, cats may only survive days to weeks, while the non-effusive (dry) form can allow for weeks to months. However, newer treatments offer hope for extended survival and even potential remission⁵.

How did my indoor cat get FIP?

Even indoor cats can contract FeCV, possibly from exposure to contaminated shoes or clothing. The virus can remain dormant for long periods, making the source of infection difficult to pinpoint⁴.

What are the first symptoms of FIP?

Early signs are often non-specific, including lethargy, loss of appetite, weight loss, and fever⁴.

Key Takeaways

FIP remains a serious threat to cats, but ongoing research and new treatments offer hope. If you notice any concerning symptoms in your cat, seek veterinary attention immediately. Remember, early detection and intervention are crucial in managing this complex disease.

About the Author

Gina Melendez works for the Eagle Glen Veterinary Clinic, and Dr. Hon Seok Jeong reviews this post. Eagle Glen Veterinary Clinic has been serving pets in LA since 1988! The vets and technicians have a passion for pet care and the skill to give excellent service! Visit https://www.instagram.com/eagleglen.vc/ or https://eagleglenvets.com/index.cfm for more.